Tacrolimus

What is Tacrolimus?

Tacrolimus, also known by its brand names such as Prograf, Advagraf, and others, is a powerful medication used primarily to prevent organ rejection in patients who have undergone a liver, kidney, or heart transplant. It is also used in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases, such as eczema, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to its immunosuppressive properties.

Available Dosage Forms

Tacrolimus is available in various dosage forms to suit different patient needs and treatment regimens:

Oral Capsules: Immediate-release and extended-release formulations for daily administration.
Oral Suspension: An option for patients who have difficulty swallowing capsules.
Topical Ointment: Used for treating eczema and other skin conditions.
Intravenous Injection: Administered in a hospital setting, typically immediately after organ transplantation.

Mechanism of Action

Tacrolimus works by inhibiting the activity of calcineurin, a protein phosphatase involved in the activation of T-lymphocytes. These cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a central role in the immune response. By suppressing their activity, Tacrolimus effectively reduces the body’s immune response, preventing the rejection of transplanted organs and reducing the symptoms of autoimmune diseases.

Uses

Prevention of Organ Rejection: Helps the body accept a new organ after transplantation.
Autoimmune Disorders: Manages symptoms of diseases like eczema, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Other Conditions: May be prescribed for other uses, as determined by a healthcare provider.